In Europe, there are numerous nuclear power plants that contribute to the production of this clean and reliable energy source. These power plants are spread across
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This is a list of all the commercial nuclear reactors in the European Union and in Europe, with operational status. The list only includes civilian nuclear power reactors used to generate
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The extensive range of facilities covered include nuclear power plants (under construction, in operation and being decommissioned), research reactors, waste management sites and fuel
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The debate on nuclear energy in the EU focuses on both opportunities and challenges. Small modular reactors (SMRs) are often seen as offering potential solutions to energy supply issues
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The extensive range of facilities covered include nuclear power plants (under construction, in operation and being decommissioned), research reactors, waste management sites and fuel manufacturing facilities (enrichment,
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What are the types of nuclear reactors? Nuclear reactors are part of nuclear power plants. The purpose of a reactor is to obtain energy from nuclear energy. The most common use of this type of reactor is the
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In Europe, there are numerous nuclear power plants that contribute to the production of this clean and reliable energy source. These power plants are spread across different countries within the EU,
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As of October 2025, there is a total of 165 nuclear power reactors with an installed electric net capacity of 147,997 MWe in operation in Europe (six thereof in the Asian part of the Russian
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A European Pressurised Reactor (EPR) is a type of nuclear reactor that belongs to the third generation of pressurized water reactors (PWRs). EPR reactors build on the
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The EU depends on nuclear power for about one-quarter of its electricity, and a higher proportion of base-load power. Nuclear provides about half the low-carbon electricity.
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What are the types of nuclear reactors? Nuclear reactors are part of nuclear power plants. The purpose of a reactor is to obtain energy from nuclear energy. The most common
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A European Pressurised Reactor (EPR) is a type of nuclear reactor that belongs to the third generation of pressurized water reactors (PWRs). EPR reactors build on the strengths of earlier models while
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As of October 2025, there is a total of 165 nuclear power reactors with an installed electric net capacity of 147,997 MWe in operation in Europe (six thereof in the Asian part of the Russian Federation), and 9 units with an
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The 100 nuclear power reactors (98 GWe) operating in 12 of the 27 EU member states account for about one-quarter of the electricity generated in the whole of the EU. Over half of the EU’s nuclear electricity is produced in only one country – France.
The most common use of this type of reactor is the production of electrical energy. In nuclear reactors fission chain reactions (splitting of uranium atoms) are generated to produce thermal energy. The rest of the nuclear power plant will be responsible for using this energy to convert it into electricity.
Want to know more about nuclear facilities across Europe? Then check out our interactive map! The extensive range of facilities covered include nuclear power plants (under construction, in operation and being decommissioned), research reactors, waste management sites and fuel manufacturing facilities (enrichment, assembly and reprocessing).
Analysis on behalf of Agora Energiewende The EU depends on nuclear power for more than one-quarter of its electricity, and a higher proportion of base-load power. Nuclear provides about 40% of the low-carbon electricity. Very different energy policies pertain across the continent and even within the EU.
Common EU rules also stem from the Nuclear Safety Directive and Directive for the Management of Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel. Currently, 12 out of 27 EU Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Finland, France, Hungary, Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden) host nuclear power plants on their territory.
The heavy water nuclear reactor is a type of nuclear reactor developed mainly in Canada. A variant of this reactor is the CANDU nuclear reactor , very popular in Canada. The fuel used to obtain nuclear energy is natural uranium, in the form of oxide, which is introduced into alloyed zirconium tubes.
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